Which of the following commanders was effectively the ruler of their kingdom, but never officially the head of state?
Answer: Charles Martel Some extra relevant information: One commander in history who effectively ruled over their kingdom without officially being the head of state was Zhuge Liang of the Shu Han Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. Zhuge Liang, also known as Zhuge Kongming, was a brilliant strategist, statesman, and scholar. He … Read more