Answer: The Reconquista.
Some extra relevant information:
The “Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa” was a major turning point in the Reconquista, the Christian reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim Moors.
Taking place on July 16, 1212, near the town of Las Navas de Tolosa in present-day Spain, the battle marked a decisive victory for the Christian forces, led by the combined armies of Castile, Aragon, Navarre, and Portugal. Facing the Almohad Caliphate, which controlled much of Southern Spain, the Christian armies were determined to push back the Muslim forces and reclaim their lands.
The outcome of the battle was crucial in shifting the balance of power in the region. The Christian victory severely weakened the Almohad Caliphate, leading to internal conflicts and fragmentation within their empire. The battle marked the beginning of the decline of Muslim influence in the Iberian Peninsula.
Following the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, Christian kingdoms gained momentum and continued to conquer Muslim-held territories. It paved the way for the eventual recapture of major cities such as Cordoba and Seville, leading to the consolidation of Christian rule in Spain.
Moreover, the battle had broader implications beyond the Reconquista. It inspired other Christian states across Europe in their conflicts against Muslim powers during the Middle Ages. The victory at Las Navas de Tolosa served as a rallying cry and a testament to the effectiveness of concerted Christian efforts against Muslim forces.
Overall, the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa was a significant turning point in the Reconquista, marking a crucial victory for the Christian kingdoms and setting the stage for their eventual triumph in reclaiming the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rule.