Answer: Commodus
Some extra relevant information:
The Nerva-Antonine dynasty, also commonly known as the Five Good Emperors, marked a period of stability and prosperity in ancient Rome. These emperors, namely Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius, have left a lasting legacy on the Roman Empire. Let’s delve into their reigns and achievements.
1. Nerva (96-98 AD): Nerva was the first of the Five Good Emperors and took the throne after the chaotic Year of the Four Emperors. He focused on domestic issues during his brief reign, such as improving the welfare of the Roman people and supporting the senatorial class. Nerva is particularly remembered for his adoption of Trajan as his successor, establishing the practice of adopting worthy heirs rather than relying solely on hereditary succession.
2. Trajan (98-117 AD): Trajan is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman emperors. Under his rule, the empire experienced expansion and military success, reaching its largest territorial extent. His notable achievements included the successful conquest of Dacia (modern-day Romania), the completion of Trajan’s Forum and Trajan’s Column in Rome, and the construction of numerous public buildings throughout the empire.
3. Hadrian (117-138 AD): Hadrian, known for his travels and extensive building projects, pursued a policy of consolidating the empire’s borders. He withdrew from some territories and focused on fortifying and defending the existing frontiers, most notably with Hadrian’s Wall in Britain. Hadrian was also an avid patron of the arts, supporting the construction of iconic structures such as the Pantheon in Rome.
4. Antoninus Pius (138-161 AD): Antoninus Pius was a peaceful ruler who prioritized maintaining stability within the empire. He followed Hadrian’s policies and continued fortifying borders. Antoninus was known for his emphasis on justice, good governance, and promoting the well-being of the Roman citizens. His reign was characterized by religious tolerance and economic prosperity.
5. Marcus Aurelius (161-180 AD): Marcus Aurelius, a philosopher emperor, faced significant challenges during his reign, including wars and invasions. He is best known for his philosophical writings, particularly “Meditations,” which reflect his inner thoughts and teachings. Despite the challenges, Marcus Aurelius managed to maintain stability and advocate for Stoic principles of duty and virtue.
Overall, the Nerva-Antonine dynasty ushered in a period of relative peace, expansion, and prosperity in ancient Rome. These Five Good Emperors left a significant impact on the empire’s history, and their contributions in areas such as military conquests, infrastructure development, and governance continue to be admired and studied to this day.