Answer: Octavian.
Some extra relevant information:
Augustus was the name assumed by the Roman emperor Octavian after he emerged victorious from a civil war that had torn the Roman Republic apart. Octavian’s rise to power marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire. He is often referred to as the first emperor of Rome and is considered one of the most influential figures in Roman history.
The civil war that Octavian successfully ended was known as the Final War of the Roman Republic. It was fought between Octavian and his main rival, Mark Antony, along with Cleopatra VII of Egypt. The conflict reached its climax with the naval Battle of Actium in 31 BCE, where Octavian’s forces defeated those of Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
Following his victory, Octavian returned to Rome and consolidated his power. In 27 BCE, the Roman Senate granted him the title of Augustus, which roughly translates to “revered” or “majestic.” This title solidified his status as the undisputed leader of Rome and marked the beginning of the Roman Empire.
Under the leadership of Augustus, Rome experienced a period of relative peace and stability known as the Pax Romana (Roman Peace). Augustus implemented various reforms, including administrative, fiscal, and military, to strengthen the empire and ensure its longevity. He also initiated a golden age of Roman art and literature by supporting writers such as Virgil, Horace, and Ovid.
Augustus’ reign lasted for more than four decades, making him one of the longest-serving Roman emperors. He died in 14 CE, leaving behind a legacy of political and cultural achievements that had a lasting impact on the Roman Empire and Western civilization as a whole.
In conclusion, the Roman emperor who was named Augustus after ending a civil war was Octavian, who went on to establish the Roman Empire and become one of the most influential and revered figures in Roman history.