Answer: Genome
Some extra relevant information:
The function of DNA, which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, can be described as the blueprint or instruction manual of life. DNA carries and stores genetic information in all living organisms. It plays a crucial role in the transmission of hereditary traits from one generation to the next.
With its double-helix structure, DNA contains a sequence of nucleotides, consisting of four different bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases pair with each other in a specific manner, with A always pairing with T, and C always pairing with G. This complementary pairing allows DNA to replicate and transmit genetic information accurately during cell division.
One of DNA’s primary functions is to encode the instructions necessary for the development and functioning of an organism. This information guides the synthesis of proteins, which are essential for various biological processes. DNA achieves this by using its genetic code, which is composed of specific sequences of the four bases. These sequences, known as genes, determine the structure and function of proteins.
Moreover, DNA is responsible for maintaining and passing on genetic traits. In sexual reproduction, DNA from both parents combines to create a unique combination of genetic material in the offspring. This process contributes to genetic diversity and ensures the survival of a species.
In summary, DNA functions as a carrier of genetic information, providing the instructions for an organism’s growth, development, and functioning. It is a fundamental molecule that allows for the continuity of life and the variation of traits within and among species.