Answer: 1192.
Some extra relevant information:
Richard the Lionheart and Saladin signed a truce, known as the Treaty of Jaffa, in the year 1192. This historic event took place during the Third Crusade, which spanned from 1189 to 1192. Richard, the King of England, and Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt and Syria, were the central figures in this conflict. The truce, negotiated after intense warfare and battles, brought a temporary halt to hostilities between the two leaders and their respective armies.
The Treaty of Jaffa was signed on September 2, 1192, following a series of military engagements throughout the Holy Land. The negotiations took place in the city of Jaffa, located in present-day Israel. Both Richard and Saladin recognized the need for a truce due to various factors, including the exhaustion of their troops, the high cost of war, and the stalemate they had reached.
The terms of the truce, as agreed upon by Richard and Saladin, included the establishment of a three-year peace period and a guarantee of safe passage for Christian pilgrims to Jerusalem. The Christians retained control over some of their captured territories, including the strategic coastal cities of Tyre and Jaffa. However, Jerusalem, the ultimate goal of the Crusaders, remained under Muslim control. The city was open to visits by Christians but not under their permanent rule.
The Treaty of Jaffa marked a significant turning point in the Third Crusade. Although Richard failed to achieve his primary objective of capturing Jerusalem, the truce ensured a degree of stability in the region for several years. It offered respite to both sides and allowed for the safe return of Richard to England.
The signing of the Treaty of Jaffa between Richard the Lionheart and Saladin in the year 1192 stands as a notable event in history, highlighting the diplomatic efforts and compromises made during a time of intense religious and territorial conflicts in the Crusades.