Answer: Gothic.
Some extra relevant information:
The cathedral of Notre-Dame, located in Paris, France, was built in the Gothic style. The Gothic architectural style originated in the 12th century and flourished until the 16th century in Europe. Notre-Dame, one of the most iconic examples of Gothic architecture, showcases the characteristic pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses that define this style.
Gothic architecture was a departure from the earlier Romanesque style, which featured thick walls, small windows, and rounded arches. Instead, Gothic buildings, like Notre-Dame, emphasized height and light. The use of pointed arches allowed for greater verticality, creating soaring ceilings and spacious interiors.
The ribbed vaults of Gothic architecture were another innovation that allowed for more open, expansive spaces. By transferring the weight of the roof to the vertical supports, such as columns or piers, the load-bearing walls could be thinner, allowing for larger windows. This feature resulted in more natural light filtering through stained glass windows, creating a mesmerizing play of colors inside the cathedral.
Flying buttresses were another characteristic of Gothic architecture that supported the exterior walls, allowing for taller and thinner walls without compromising structural integrity. These arched exterior supports connected to the upper parts of the building, counteracting the lateral thrust of the roof and ensuring stability.
Notre-Dame Cathedral, completed in the 14th century, is a prime example of the Gothic style. Its impressive size, intricate detailing, and stunning rose windows all exemplify the technical and aesthetic achievements of this architectural period.
Though the cathedral suffered significant damage during a devastating fire on April 15, 2019, efforts are underway to restore and rebuild Notre-Dame, preserving its historical and cultural significance. The cathedral’s Gothic architectural style continues to captivate visitors from around the world, reminding us of the remarkable craftsmanship and innovation of the medieval period.